INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF CRUSHING A ROCK MASSIF BY EXPLOSION AT THE KALMAKYR AND YOSHLIK-1 QUARRYERS

Abstract

The study shows that increasing the efficiency of using explosive technologies makes it possible to ensure the required quality of the blasted mass and the ability to control the shape and parameters of the camber. A technology has been developed for blasting double benches in the Kalmakyr and Yoshlik-1 quarries due to the proposed schemes for initiating charges inside the well, driving and blasting in a compressed environment onto a retaining wall from the rocks of the previous explosion using a new technology that will ensure uniform fragmentation of the massif with the given parameters. It has been established that to ensure efficient operation of excavation and loading equipment in polymetallic deposits, the average size of a piece of blasted rock mass should be dcp=0.14÷0.25 m with the specific resistance of the destroyed massif to digging KF=0.1÷0.37 MPa. An analysis was carried out of the range of changes in the physical and mechanical properties of rocks and the technological parameters of loosening a rock mass by explosion, which allows us to reveal the relationship between the capacity of an excavator bucket and the standard size of an average piece of rock. The article presents experimental studies of the technology of blasting double benches in polymetallic quarries ore through the use of active stopping and blasting onto a retaining wall from rocks from the previous explosion