ANALYSIS OF THE APPLICATION OF MECHANIZED COMPLEXES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF STEEPLY INCLINED COAL SEAMS

Abstract

The development of steeply inclined coal seams is among the most complex and knowledge-intensive tasks of underground coal mining, due to the significant dip angles of the seams, the increased influence of gravitational forces on the rock mass and mining equipment, as well as the complicated conditions of roof control and occupational safety in longwall operations. This paper presents a comprehensive analytical review of the application of mechanized longwall complexes in the mining of steeply inclined and steeply dipping coal seams. The design and technological features of shearer loaders, face conveyors, and powered roof supports adapted for seam dip angles exceeding 35–45° are examined. Special attention is paid to operational challenges of mechanized complexes, including accelerated equipment wear, limitations in automation, increased capital expenditures, and higher requirements for personnel qualifications. The international experience in mechanized mining of steeply inclined coal seams is summarized, with particular emphasis on China and Russia, along with an analysis of the achieved technical, economic, and production effects. перспективные направления развития, including automation and remote control, the implementation of digital rock mass monitoring systems, improvements in equipment energy efficiency, and the development of modular mechanized complexes adapted to complex geological and mining conditions.