METHODOLOGY FOR DIAGNOSTIC ASSESSMENT OF THE CONDITION AND WEAR OF ENGINE PARTS USING AN INDICATOR OF METAL AND SOLID PARTICLES IN EXHAUST GASES
Abstract
The paper discusses a method for diagnostic assessment of the technical condition and wear of internal combustion engine parts based on analysis of the content of metal particles and solid inclusions in exhaust gases. The study is based on the analysis of the component composition of solid particles identified in the exhaust gases of mining equipment, in particular HITACHI EX1200 hydraulic excavators. It has been established that solid particles in the exhaust gases of modern engines contain wear products from cylinder-piston group parts, elements of neutralization systems, fuel additives, and engine oil components. Neutron tomography methods were used to determine the composition of the mineral fraction of solid particles, which includes calcium (37%), zinc (19%), silicon (15%), phosphorus (8%), and copper (2%). Criteria have been developed for assessing the technical condition of the main engine components based on the presence of specific indicator metals: iron, chromium, aluminum, copper, lead, tin, and other elements. It has been shown that elevated concentrations of metal particles indicate a malfunction of the engine's friction pairs and allow the need for unscheduled maintenance to be predicted. Using the example of the HITACHI EX1200 excavator, the relationship between the intensity of engine part wear and the frequency of unscheduled equipment downtime, reaching 111.17 hours per month, is demonstrated. The proposed diagnostic method helps prevent premature wear of the cylinder-piston group and reduce the operating costs of repairing mining equipment.
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